基于人体成分的精准营养治疗对孕妇孕期合理增重的干预研究

An intervention study on adequate weight gain during pregnancy by precise management of nutrition according to body composition

中文关键词: 人体成分  精准营养治疗  孕期  合理增重

英文关键词: Human body composition  Accurate nutrition treatment  Pregnancy  Reasonable weight

中文摘要:

      目的：孕期根据人体代谢动态测定分析仪对孕妇营养进行客观评价，制定个性化膳食指导，从而减少孕期过度增重的发生率，进而降低孕期并发症、妊娠不良结局和巨大儿发生率。方法：选择2018年5月至2019年4月本院定期产检并分娩的单胎妊娠产妇272例，按体重不同分为分为两组，各136例。干预组为体重超重和肥胖的孕妇，对照组为体重正常的孕妇，分别予以营养个体化供给管理措施（人体代谢动态测定分析仪，编号ZY2017000113）和常规产科营养管理措施，观察两组孕产妇体重增长、妊娠期并发症发生情况、妊娠结局和围生儿结局。结果：对照组孕妇体重增长高于干预组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；干预组孕妇的妊娠期高血压、妊娠期糖尿病的患病率高于对照组，贫血患病率低于对照组，差别有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；FGR在两组间无差异（P＞0.05）。对照组胎儿窘迫发生率高于干预组，差别有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；胎膜早破、产后出血、前置胎盘及分娩方式在两组间无差别（P＞0.05）。新生儿体重、巨大儿、低出生体重儿、早产儿、新生儿窒息、新生儿畸形，在两组间比较无差别（P＞0.05）。结论：通过人体代谢动态测定分析仪对干预组的超重和肥胖孕妇加强管理，可以有效控制孕期增重，可以达到和对照组正常BMI孕妇一样的分娩结局，因此，人体代谢动态测定分析仪在临床上可以更加客观的指导孕期营养，减少产时、产后并发症，改善分娩结局，提高人口素质。

英文摘要:

      Objective: according to body composition of pregnant women analysed by the dynamic measurement of human body metabolization analyzerpersonalized dietary guidance were prescribedto reduce the incidence of excessive weight gain, adverse pregnancy outcomes and the incidence of macrosomia. Methods: From May 2018 to April 2019, we selected 272 singleton pregnant women who had regular birth check-ups and delivered at our hospital. They were divided into 2 groups according to different body weights, each with 136 cases. The intervention group was overweight and obese pregnant women, and the control group was normal weight pregnant women. The two groups were given individualized nutrition management measures (Human Metabolic Dynamic Analyzer, No. ZY2017000113) and conventional obstetric nutrition management measures. Observe maternal weight gain, pregnancy complications, pregnancy outcomes and perinatal outcomes in both groups. Results:The weight gain of pregnant women in the control group was higher than that in the intervention group, and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). The prevalence of pregnancy-induced hypertension and gestational diabetes in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group, and the prevalence of anemia was lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). There was no difference in FGR between the two groups (P＞0.05). The incidence of fetal distress in the control group was higher than that in the intervention group, and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). There were no differences in premature rupture of membranes, postpartum hemorrhage, placenta previa, and delivery methods between the two groups (P＞0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups in neonatal weight, gigantic infants, low birth weight infants, premature infants, neonatal asphyxia, and neonatal deformities (P＞0.05). Conclusion: A personalized precise dietary intervention according to body composition tested by the human metabolic dynamic measurement analyzer can effectively control the weight gain during pregnancy and achieve the similiar delivery outcomes as normal BMI pregnant women in the control group.